Angrezi vyakaran mein english tenses with examples in hindi ka adhyayan karna bol-chaal ki Vyakaran (Grammar) aur likhit sanchaar ki neev hai. Kaal (Tenses) kriya (verb) ke us roop ko darshate hain jo kisi kaarya ke Samay Kaal ko nirdharit karta hai. Yeh margdarshika aapko 12 prakaar ke tenses ke niyam, Vakya Sanrachna (Sentence Structure), aur vyavaharik udaharan pradaan karti hai. Is gahan vishleshan ke madhyam se, aap Verb Forms aur kaal ke sahi upyog mein maharat hasil kar sakte hain, jisse aapki Angrezi behtar ho sake.
Tense Kya Hai Aur Iska Mahatva
Tense (kaal) Angrezi vyakaran ka ek atyant mahatvapurna bhaag hai. Yeh shabd Latin shabd “Tempus” se liya gaya hai, jiska arth ‘samay’ hota hai. Tenses hamare vaartalap ko spashtata dete hain, yeh batate hue ki koi kaarya kis samay hua, ho raha hai, ya hoga.
Agar hum tenses ka sahi upyog nahi karte hain, to hamara sandesh bhrantik ho sakta hai. Udaharan ke liye, agar aap past event ke liye future tense ka upyog karte hain, to sunne waala ya padhne waala vyakti aapke sandesh ke samay ko galat samajh sakta hai. Tenses aapke vartamaan (Present), bhootkaal (Past), aur bhavishya (Future) ke kaamo ya ghatnao ko saarthak roop se prastut karte hain.
Tenses Ke Adhyayan Ka Mahatva Aur Upyogita
Tenses aapki vyavaharik jeevan aur peshevar duniya dono mein sahayata karte hain. Sahi kaal ka gyan aapki bol-chaal aur likhne ki kshamata ko sudharta hai. Yeh aapke sanchaar ko adhik prabhavshali aur vishwasneeya banata hai.
Pratiyogi parikshaon (competitive exams) mein bhi tenses se sambandhit prashn puche jaate hain. Error correction, fill in the blanks, aur correct verb form ke roop mein tenses ka gyan parikshaon mein safalta ke liye avashyak hai. Achchi Angrezi sikhna kewal shabdon ko jaan-na nahi hai, balki unhe sahi kaal mein prayog karna bhi hai.
Angrezi Vyakaran Mein Kaal Ke Mool Prakar
Mool roop se, Angrezi tenses ko teen mukhya shreniyon mein vibhajit kiya jaata hai, jo samay ke teen ayam (dimensions) ko darshate hain. Yeh teen mukhya prakar hain:
- Vartamaan Kaal (Present Tense): Jo kaarya abhi ho raha hai ya vartamaan mein satya hai.
- Bhootkaal (Past Tense): Jo kaarya beet chuke samay mein sampann hua.
- Bhavishya Kaal (Future Tense): Jo kaarya aane waale samay mein hoga.
Har mukhya kaal ko aage chaar up-prakaron mein baanta gaya hai, jo kaarya ki sthiti (status) ko darshate hain:
- Indefinite / Simple: Jo kaarya saamanya roop se hota hai, ya jiska samay nishchit nahi hai.
- Continuous / Progressive: Jo kaarya jari hai.
- Perfect: Jo kaarya poora ho chuka hai.
- Perfect Continuous: Jo kaarya past mein shuru hua aur abhi bhi jari hai.
Is prakar, kul milakar 12 tenses ban jaate hain. Agle bhagon mein, hum in 12 tenses ki sanchana aur udaharanon ko vistaar se samjhenge.
Vartamaan Kaal (Present Tense)
Vartamaan kaal ka upyog un kaaryon ya sthitiyon ko darshane ke liye kiya jaata hai jo abhi chal rahi hain, niyamit roop se hote hain, ya jo sarvbhaumik satya hain.
Simple Present Tense (Vartamaan Saamanya Kaal)
Pehchaan Aur Upyog
Iska upyog aadat (habits), roz ki dincharya, sarvbhaumik satya (universal facts), ya nirdharit samay-talika (scheduled events) ko vyakt karne ke liye hota hai. Hindi mein, aise vaakyon ke ant mein aamtaur par ‘ta hai’, ‘ti hai’, ‘te hain’ aata hai.
Vakya Sanrachna (Formula)
- Affirmative: Subject + V1 (s/es) + Object
- Negative: Subject + do/does + not + V1 + Object
- Interrogative: Do/Does + Subject + V1 + Object?
Udaharan (Examples)
I drink milk every morning.
Mai har subah doodh peeta hoon. (Yeh ek niyamit aadat hai.)
The sun rises in the East.
Sooraj poorab se nikalta hai. (Yeh ek sarvbhaumik satya hai.)
She teaches English grammar at the university.
Vah university mein Angrezi vyakaran padhati hai. (Yeh uski niyamit gatividhi ya pesha hai.)
Present Continuous Tense (Vartamaan Jaari Kaal)
Pehchaan Aur Upyog
Yeh un kaaryon ko darshata hai jo bolne ke samay ho rahe hain aur abhi poore nahi hue hain. Hindi mein, vaakyansh ke ant mein ‘raha hai’, ‘rahi hai’, ‘rahe hain’ ka upyog hota hai.
Vakya Sanrachna (Formula)
- Affirmative: Subject + is/am/are + V-ing + Object
- Negative: Subject + is/am/are + not + V-ing + Object
- Interrogative: Is/Am/Are + Subject + V-ing + Object?
Udaharan (Examples)
The children are playing outside in the rain.
Bacche baarish mein bahar khel rahe hain. (Kaam abhi jari hai.)
I am writing an important email to my boss right now.
Mai abhi apne boss ko ek zaroori email likh raha hoon. (Kaarya vartamaan mein ho raha hai.)
He is learning to drive a car this week.
Vah is hafte car chalana sikh raha hai. (Kaam kam samay ke liye vartamaan mein jari hai.)
Present Perfect Tense (Vartamaan Poorn Kaal)
Pehchaan Aur Upyog
Iska upyog un kaaryon ke liye kiya jaata hai jo past mein shuru hue aur haal hi mein poore hue hain, jinka asar abhi bhi vartamaan mein hai. Hindi mein aam taur par ‘chuka hai’, ‘chuki hai’, ‘chuke hain’, ya ‘liya hai’, ‘diya hai’ ka upyog hota hai.
Vakya Sanrachna (Formula)
- Affirmative: Subject + has/have + V3 (Past Participle) + Object
- Negative: Subject + has/have + not + V3 + Object
- Interrogative: Has/Have + Subject + V3 + Object?
Udaharan (Examples)
She has finished her dinner just now.
Usne abhi-abhi apna raat ka khana khatam kiya hai. (Kaam haal hi mein poora hua.)
They have visited Paris twice in the last decade.
Unhone pichle das saalon mein do baar Paris ka daura kiya hai. (Anubhav vartamaan se juda hai.)
I have lost my mobile phone and I cannot find it.
Maine apna mobile phone kho diya hai aur mujhe vah nahi mil raha. (Kaarya past mein hua, lekin prabhav vartamaan mein hai.)
Present Perfect Continuous Tense (Vartamaan Poorn Jaari Kaal)
Pehchaan Aur Upyog
Yeh un kaaryon ko darshata hai jo past mein shuru hue the aur abhi bhi jari hain. Ismein samay ki avadhi (duration) ya shuru hone ka nishchit bindu (point of time) bataya jaata hai.
Vakya Sanrachna (Formula)
- Affirmative: Subject + has/have + been + V-ing + Object + (since/for)
- Negative: Subject + has/have + not + been + V-ing + Object + (since/for)
- Interrogative: Has/Have + Subject + been + V-ing + Object + (since/for)?
Udaharan (Examples)
The construction workers have been building this bridge for two years.
Nirmaan shramik do saalon se is pul ka nirmaan kar rahe hain. (Kaam past mein shuru hua aur abhi bhi jari hai.)
It has been raining heavily since yesterday morning.
Kal subah se bahut tez baarish ho rahi hai. (Shuru hone ka nishchit samay bataya gaya hai.)
We have been waiting for the manager since 9:00 AM.
Hum manager ka intezaar subah 9 baje se kar rahe hain. (Kaarya abhi bhi chal raha hai aur samay nirdharit hai.)
Bhootkaal (Past Tense)
Bhootkaal ka upyog un kaaryon aur ghatnaon ko vyakt karne ke liye kiya jaata hai jo beet chuke samay mein sampann hue the aur vartamaan se unka koi seedha sambandh nahi hai.
Simple Past Tense (Bhootkaal Saamanya Kaal)
Pehchaan Aur Upyog
Yeh un kaaryon ko darshata hai jo past mein kisi nishchit samay par poore hue the. Hindi mein, ‘aaya’, ‘gaya’, ‘kiya’, ‘tha’, ya ‘liya’ jaise shabd aate hain.
Vakya Sanrachna (Formula)
- Affirmative: Subject + V2 (Past Form) + Object
- Negative: Subject + did + not + V1 + Object
- Interrogative: Did + Subject + V1 + Object?
Udaharan (Examples)
She finished her novel last night.
Usne kal raat apna upanyas poora kiya. (Kaam past mein nishchit roop se poora ho gaya.)
They went to the theatre to watch a movie.
Vah ek film dekhne ke liye theatre gaye. (Bhootkaal ki ek gatividhi.)
We bought a new car five weeks ago.
Humne paanch hafte pehle ek nayi car kharidi. (Past mein hua kaarya.)
Past Continuous Tense (Bhootkaal Jaari Kaal)
Pehchaan Aur Upyog
Yeh us kaarya ko darshata hai jo past mein kisi nishchit samay par jari tha. Jab koi ek kaarya ho raha tha, tabhi doosra kaarya hua. Hindi mein, ‘raha tha’, ‘rahi thi’, ‘rahe the’ ka upyog hota hai.
Vakya Sanrachna (Formula)
- Affirmative: Subject + was/were + V-ing + Object
- Negative: Subject + was/were + not + V-ing + Object
- Interrogative: Was/Were + Subject + V-ing + Object?
Udaharan (Examples)
I was reading a history book when the doorbell rang.
Mai ek itihas ki kitaab padh raha tha jab darwaze ki ghanti baji. (Ek kaarya jari tha jab doosra hua.)
They were discussing the merger deal all afternoon.
Vah poori dopehar merger deal par charcha kar rahe the. (Past mein ek avadhi tak chala kaarya.)
The wind was blowing fiercely during the storm.
Toofan ke dauran hawa tez chal rahi thi. (Past mein jaari sthiti.)
Past Perfect Tense (Bhootkaal Poorn Kaal)
Pehchaan Aur Upyog
Iska upyog tab kiya jaata hai jab past mein do kaarya hue ho, aur yeh darshana ho ki kaun sa kaarya pehle poora hua tha. Pehle poore hue kaarya ke liye Past Perfect ka upyog hota hai.
Vakya Sanrachna (Formula)
- Affirmative: Subject + had + V3 + Object
- Negative: Subject + had + not + V3 + Object
- Interrogative: Had + Subject + V3 + Object?
Udaharan (Examples)
The train had already left before we reached the station.
Humare station pahunchne se pehle hi train jaa chuki thi. (Train ka jaana, humare pahunchne se pehle hua.)
She had finished all her work, so she went home.
Usne apna saara kaam poora kar liya tha, isliye vah ghar chali gayi. (Kaam pehle poora hua.)
I realized I had seen that movie before.
Mujhe ehsaas hua ki mai vah film pehle dekh chuka tha. (Film dekhne ka kaarya pehle ho chuka tha.)
Past Perfect Continuous Tense (Bhootkaal Poorn Jaari Kaal)
Pehchaan Aur Upyog
Yeh us lambe kaarya ko darshata hai jo past mein kisi anya kaarya ya samay tak jari tha, ya us samay tak chalta raha tha.
Vakya Sanrachna (Formula)
- Affirmative: Subject + had + been + V-ing + Object + (since/for)
- Negative: Subject + had + not + been + V-ing + Object + (since/for)
- Interrogative: Had + Subject + been + V-ing + Object + (since/for)?
Udaharan (Examples)
He had been writing the essay for three hours when I interrupted him.
Vah teen ghanton se essay likh raha tha jab maine use roka. (Likne ka kaarya rukawat se pehle chalta raha.)
The pavement was wet because it had been raining all night.
Footpath geela tha, kyonki raat bhar baarish ho rahi thi. (Geelapan past mein jari rehne waali baarish ka parinaam tha.)
She had been working at the company for ten years before she retired.
Vah retire hone se pehle das saalon se company mein kaam kar rahi thi. (Past mein lambe samay tak chala kaarya.)
Bhavishya Kaal (Future Tense)
Bhavishya kaal un kaaryon ya ghatnaon ko vyakt karta hai jo vartamaan samay ke baad aane waale samay mein hone ki sambhavna hai.
Simple Future Tense (Bhavishya Saamanya Kaal)
Pehchaan Aur Upyog
Iska upyog un kaaryon ke liye kiya jaata hai jo bhavishya mein honge. Yeh aksar aasaani se liya gaya nirnay ya kisi nischit bhavishya ki ghatna ko darshata hai. Hindi mein, ‘ga’, ‘gi’, ‘ge’ ka upyog hota hai.
Vakya Sanrachna (Formula)
- Affirmative: Subject + will/shall + V1 + Object
- Negative: Subject + will/shall + not + V1 + Object
- Interrogative: Will/Shall + Subject + V1 + Object?
Udaharan (Examples)
I will call you back when I get home.
Jab mai ghar pahunchunga, to tumhe wapas phone karunga. (Bhavishya mein hone waala kaarya.)
The company will launch its new product next month.
Company agle mahine apna naya utpaad launch karegi. (Nischit bhavishya ki ghatna.)
We shall travel to London for the conference.
Hum conference ke liye London ki yatra karenge. (Ichha ya simple bhavishya ka kaarya.)
Future Continuous Tense (Bhavishya Jaari Kaal)
Pehchaan Aur Upyog
Yeh un kaaryon ko darshata hai jo bhavishya mein kisi nishchit samay par jari rahenge ya ho rahe honge.
Vakya Sanrachna (Formula)
- Affirmative: Subject + will/shall + be + V-ing + Object
- Negative: Subject + will/shall + not + be + V-ing + Object
- Interrogative: Will/Shall + Subject + be + V-ing + Object?
Udaharan (Examples)
At 8 PM tonight, I will be studying for my exams.
Aaj raat 8 baje, mai apni parikshaon ke liye padh raha hounga. (Bhavishya mein jari rehne waala kaarya.)
They will be waiting for us when the flight arrives.
Jab flight aayegi, tab ve hamara intezaar kar rahe honge. (Ek kaarya dusre kaarya ke samay jari rahega.)
The orchestra will be performing the symphony tomorrow evening.
Kal shaam orchestra symphony ka pradarshan kar raha hoga. (Bhavishya ki ek jari gatividhi.)
Future Perfect Tense (Bhavishya Poorn Kaal)
Pehchaan Aur Upyog
Yeh darshata hai ki bhavishya mein koi kaarya kisi doosre kaarya ya nishchit samay se pehle poora ho chuka hoga.
Vakya Sanrachna (Formula)
- Affirmative: Subject + will + have + V3 + Object + (by/by the time)
- Negative: Subject + will + not + have + V3 + Object
- Interrogative: Will + Subject + have + V3 + Object?
Udaharan (Examples)
By next Friday, she will have completed the entire project report.
Agli Shukrawaar tak, vah poori project report poori kar chuki hogi. (Kaarya bhavishya mein nirdharit samay se pehle poora hoga.)
I will have finished my lunch by the time you reach the office.
Jab tak tum office pahunchoge, mai apna lunch khatam kar chuka hounga. (Ek kaarya dusre kaarya se pehle poora hoga.)
They will have purchased their new house by the end of the year.
Vah is saal ke ant tak apna naya ghar kharid chuke honge. (Bhavishya mein sampann hone waala kaarya.)
Future Perfect Continuous Tense (Bhavishya Poorn Jaari Kaal)
Pehchaan Aur Upyog
Iska upyog un kaaryon ko darshane ke liye kiya jaata hai jo bhavishya mein kisi nishchit samay tak jari rahenge, jismein samay ki avadhi bhi shamil hoti hai. Yeh sabse kam upyog kiya jaane waala tense hai.
Vakya Sanrachna (Formula)
- Affirmative: Subject + will + have + been + V-ing + Object + (since/for)
- Negative: Subject + will + not + have + been + V-ing + Object + (since/for)
- Interrogative: Will + Subject + have + been + V-ing + Object + (since/for)?
Udaharan (Examples)
By the time he graduates, he will have been studying medicine for six years.
Jab tak vah graduate hoga, vah chhah saalon se medicine padh raha hoga. (Bhavishya mein jari rehne waala kaarya ek lambi avadhi ke saath.)
In December, we will have been living in this city for a decade.
December mein, hume is shahar mein rehte hue ek dashak (das saal) ho chuka hoga. (Samay ki avadhi ka bhavishya mein poora hona.)
If the meeting continues until 5 PM, we will have been sitting here for four hours.
Agar meeting shaam 5 baje tak chalti rahi, to hum yahan char ghante se baithe honge. (Bhavishya mein jari rehne ki avadhi ka anumaan.)
Tenses Ko Jald Sikhne Ke Vyavaharik Upay
English tenses sikhne ke liye kewal niyam ratna paryaapt nahi hai. Aapko vyavaharik abhyaas aur sahi dhang se padhne ki zaroorat hai. Yeh kuch vyavaharik upay hain jo tenses par aapki pakad mazboot kar sakte hain.
1. Helping Verbs Aur Main Verbs Ko Samjhein
Tenses ka aadhar sahayak kriya (Helping Verbs) jaise ‘is/am/are’, ‘has/have/had’, ‘do/does/did’, ‘will/shall’ hain. Inka upyog sikhna bahut zaroori hai. Aapko pata hona chahiye ki I, You, He/She/It ke saath kaun sa helping verb aayega. Isi tarah, main verbs ke paanch roop (V1, V2, V3, V-ing, V-s/es) ko achche se yaad karna tenses mein maharat hasil karne ki pehli seedhi hai.
2. Har Tense Ki Ek Pehchaan Nirdharit Karein
Har tense ki apni ek vishisht pehchaan hoti hai. Simple Present mein aadat ya niyamit kaarya hote hain. Continuous mein ‘jari’ ka bhav hota hai, aur Perfect mein ‘poora ho chuka’ ka. Jab bhi aap koi vakya padhein ya sochein, to turant uski pehchaan nirdharit karne ka abhyaas karein. Yeh manavigyanik tareeka aapko English tenses with examples in hindi ko turant samajhne mein madad karega.
3. Ek Saral Talika Banakar Abhyaas Karein
12 tenses ke niyamon ko ek hi talika (chart) mein likhein, jismein unki sanchana (formula) aur hindi mein ant mein aane waale shabd shamil ho. Is talika ko har din dekhein aur uske aadhar par har tense ke 3-4 naye vaaky banana ka abhyaas karein. Is prakar aapki visual memory aur vyavaharik gyan dono behtar honge.
4. Dincharya Ke Vaaky Tenses Mein Badlein
Apni rozmarra ki dincharya ya apne aas-paas hone waali ghatnaon ko hamesha 12 tenses mein badalne ki koshish karein. Udaharan ke liye, ‘Mai khana kha raha hoon’ (Present Continuous) ko ‘Mai khana kha chuka hoon’ (Present Perfect) ya ‘Mai kal khana khaunga’ (Simple Future) mein badlein. Yeh maansik abhyaas aapko bina grammar book khole tenses ko use karne ki aadat dalwata hai.
5. Kahaniyon Aur Upanyason Ka Adhyayan Karein
Upanyas (novels) aur lambi kahaniyan tenses sikhne ka ek utkrisht madhyam hain. Adhikansh kahanian Past Tense mein likhi jaati hain, jisse aapko Simple Past, Past Continuous, aur Past Perfect ke upyog ko gahraai se samajhne mein madad milti hai. Dhyan dein ki katha-vachak (narrator) kahan aur kaise kriya roopon ko badal raha hai.
6. Puzzles Aur Online Quizzes Se Seekhein
Tenses sikhne ko mazedar banane ke liye online quizzes aur crossword puzzles ka upyog karein. Internet par kai free websites hain jahan aap tenses, vishesh roop se Past Participle aur sahi kriya roopon ka abhyaas kar sakte hain. Yeh aapko revision ke saath-saath turant feedback bhi dete hain.
7. Samay Suchak Shabdon Ko Pehchaanein
Har tense ke saath kuch vishisht samay suchak shabd (time markers) jude hote hain. Jaise:
- Simple Present: Always, often, every day.
- Present Continuous: Now, currently, at the moment.
- Simple Past: Yesterday, last week, ago.
- Future Tense: Tomorrow, next year, soon.
In shabdon ko pehchaan kar aap turant sahi tense ka upyog kar sakte hain.
Saransh
Angrezi vyakaran mein kaal (tenses) kisi bhi sanchaar ka aadhar hain, aur inka sahi gyan aapko Angrezi bolne aur likhne mein atyadhik maharat pradaan karta hai. Is vistarit margdarshika mein humne english tenses with examples in hindi ke 12 mukhya prakaron ko unke niyam, sanchana, aur vyavaharik udaharanon ke saath samjha hai. Tenses par pakad mazboot karne ke liye, niyamit abhyaas, vishesh roop se helping verbs aur kriya ke roopon ka gyan, bahut zaroori hai. Jab aap in niyam ka palan karte hain, to aap na keval parikshaon mein safalta paate hain, balki daily life mein bhi aatm-vishwas ke saath Angrezi bol paate hain.
Last Updated on 19/11/2025 by Emma Collins
Hello there! I’m Emma Collins, your English instructor at Skilled English. Learning a new language doesn’t have to be stressful or confusing — and I’m here to prove it. With over 6 years of experience teaching English to beginners, my goal is to help you feel confident in speaking, writing, and understanding English step by step. Read more
